• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This invention relates to a shaping or backing material, said shaping or backing material being made of a spacer fabric comprising a first (11) and a second (12) fabric layer, both layers being joined together by binder threads (114). to be.
    公开号:BE1022766B1
    申请号:E2014/5068
    申请日:2014-11-18
    公开日:2016-08-31
    发明作者:Pascal Ghekiere
    申请人:3D Weaving Bvba；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    spacer fabrics
    TECHNICAL FIELD
    The present invention generally relates to a textile, in particular to form or support material based on spacer fabrics and the use of the spacer fabrics as base material for support or form applications. The invention is especially useful in the technical textile sector.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Fabrics are often used in various fields of application such as technical textiles or interior textiles. A fabric can be used as a material per se, or as a component in a multilayer structure or as a form and support component such as in composite structures.
    A fabric as interior textile will often be a flat fabric or a pile fabric, depending on its end use as, for example, carpet or curtain fabric. All kinds of fabrics can be found in the technical textiles domain, originating from different materials, which are often used as a form and support component. For example, the tarpaulin materials with which vans are equipped are coated, technical flat fabrics. These flat fabrics provide the final shape and support for the tarpaulins.
    However, these flat fabrics do not have the ability to give a certain thickness to the material to be shaped. A final product with a thickness that is much larger than the original fabric thickness cannot be achieved with other techniques, certainly if these final products must be sufficiently dimensionally stable and must remain functional. If a thicker, form-retaining material must be obtained, other materials must be used. EP628649 describes making a spacer fabric in which two parallel fabric layers are connected by a spacer wire. EP2644375 describes the making of a composite board consisting of different layers. A spacer fabric is used as a protective material for the composite structure. EP2619363 describes the use of a spacer fabric to use protective products. The spacer fabrics are further processed into a composite to be assembled as a composite in objects.
    In the above inventions, spacer fabrics are per se made and processed, they do not use the full possibility of spacer fabrics to use as shaping or supporting material.
    It is the object of the present invention to provide a forming or supporting material based on spacer fabrics and the use of the spacing fabrics as a base material for supporting or forming applications. These spacer fabrics must in themselves be form-retaining.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    To this end, the present invention shows a fabric having the features of claim 1. The preferred embodiment of the spacer fabric of the invention below is defined in the dependent claims and the description below.
    A spacer fabric according to an embodiment of the invention has an improved form and supporting character. The spacer fabric exhibits high strength and rigidity in three dimensions. This is favorable for using the spacer fabric as a component in various applications.
    In addition, the distance of the fabric layers from the spacer fabric is changeable according to the weaving direction. This is conducive to being able to give specific forms or supporting properties in the final use. This advantage of the invention below is realized by bringing application of the outer layers (11, 12) further or closer to each other.
    Moreover, the number of fabric layers of the spacer fabric can be changed according to the settings. Instead of two outer layers (11, 12), one or more fabric layers (13) may be present between the outer layers. This has the advantage that a larger form and supportive character can be given.
    The spacer fabric (1) appears to be such a woven fabric that contains at least two layers (11, 12), each layer containing a number of wefts (111) and warp (112, 113) threads and these fabric layers (11, 12) being connected by connecting threads (114) alternating with weft threads (111) of the different layers. So the connecting wires are interwoven with the different fabric layers.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figures 1 to 5 show schematic cross-sections of spacer fabrics. This cross-section is always taken in the warp direction of the spacer fabric. In each of the figures at least 2 or more fabric layers (11, 12, 13) can be seen schematically, with weft threads (111) being schematically visible in each fabric layer. Each fabric layer also has warp threads (112, 113). Connection wires (114) can be found between the fabric layers. The whole is in each case a spacer fabric (1). The figures are very distinctive.
    Figure 1 is a schematic section of a possible structure of a spacer fabric with a constant thickness.
    Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section of a possible structure of a spacer fabric with a variable thickness. The thickness varies in the warp direction of the spacer fabric.
    Figure 3 is a schematic cross-section of a possible structure of a spacer fabric with a constant thickness. However, there are several connecting wires present.
    Figure 4 is a schematic cross-section of a possible structure of a spacer fabric with a constant thickness. However, several tissue layers (11, 12, 13) are present here.
    Figure 5 is a schematic section of a possible structure of a spacer fabric with a constant thickness. However, there are a minimum number of weft threads present.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    The spacer fabric (1) comprises at least a first (11) and a second (12) fabric layer. These layers are woven layers and contain a number of weft (111) and warp (112,113) threads, which determine the weft and warp direction of the spacer fabric.
    The different fabric layers (11, 12) are mutually separated layers. They are connected to each other by connecting wires (114). These connecting threads are woven into the fabric layers between the weft threads (111) of the different fabric layers. The connecting wires (114) are also known by alternative names "spacer wires" or "pole warp wires". However, the term connecting wires is used in this text.
    In a preferred embodiment, the connecting threads (114) are woven into the fabric layers with a weave pattern comprising (a) one or more alternations between the connecting threads and the weft threads (111) of the first fabric layer (b) a transition from the connecting threads to the next fabric layer, (c) one or more alternations between the connecting threads and the weft threads (111) of the next fabric layer. Optionally, the sequence (b) and (c) is repeated a number of times until a spacer fabric with a sufficient number of tissue layers is obtained. This depends on the required physical properties such as and not limited to specific weight and tensile strength.
    In the figures with the schematic section of the spacer fabrics, only two warp threads (112, 113) are indicated in the fabric layers (11, 12). However, the spacer fabrics in an embodiment of the present invention may comprise more than two warp threads. In the schematic sections of Figures 1 to 5, one or more connecting wires (114) are indicated.
    In a spacer fabric according to a possible embodiment of the present invention, one or more connecting wires may therefore also be used. For example, Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a stabilized spacer fabric in which several connecting wires are used. In the schematic sections of Figures 1 to 5, only one row of weft threads (111) is shown in the fabric layers (11, 12). In a spacer fabric according to a possible embodiment of the present invention, however, one or more rows of weft threads can be interwoven with the warp threads.
    In another preferential embodiment that gives more shape and support, the distance between the connecting wires (114) between one or more fabric layers is smaller than the thickness of one fabric layer. This means that one or more fabric layers form a multi-layer fabric, whether or not connected to connecting wires with other fabric layers with a distance greater than the thickness of one fabric layer.
    The weave structure of each fabric layer (11) can be any weave pattern known in the art, for example a weave pattern as shown in Figure 1. Depending on the final application, a twill weave, a satin weave or a low-density warp and / or weave weave or weft threads.
    The thickness of the spacer fabric (1), defined as the distance between the outer surfaces of the two outer fabric layers (11, 12), can vary from 0.2 to 1000 mm, preferably from 1 to 100 mm, and most preferably from 5 up to 60 mm. This thickness can be adjusted and changed at any location in the fabric. As a result, the thickness can be adjusted at any location in the warp direction of the fabric. This thickness transition is preferentially gradual in nature. An example of a schematic section of a spacer fabric with changing thickness is shown in Figure 2.
    The distance between two fabric layers, defined as the distance between the outer surfaces of two consecutive fabric layers, can vary from 0.2 to 300 mm, preferably from 1 to 100 mm, and most preferably from 5 to 60 mm.
    This distance can be adjusted and changed at any location in the fabric. As a result, the distance between two fabric layers can be adjusted at any location in the warp direction of the fabric. This thickness transition is preferentially gradual in nature.
    The weight of the spacer fabric can vary from 50 to 4000 g / m2, or preferably from 100 to 600 g / m2 or most preferably from 200 to 400 g / m2.
    The diameter of the wires used in the fabric layers can vary from 0.005 mm to 1.00 mm, or preferably from 0.01 mm to 0.30 mm, or most preferably from 0.08 mm to 0.20 mm.
    The diameter of the connecting wires used between the fabric layers can vary from 0.005 mm to 1.00 mm, or preferably from 0.01 mm to 0.30 mm, or most preferably from 0.08 mm to 0.20 mm.
    Each of the fabric and connecting threads of the spacer fabric consists of bands, monofilament or multi-filament threads. A different type of wire is used depending on the final application. It is also possible that the warp, or weft, or connecting threads have a different character. For example, a warp thread can be a multifilament thread, while the connecting thread is a monofilament. Each of these wires can also have different properties, such as the chemical composition or physical properties.
    Each of the spacer fabric threads may consist of one or more materials selected from (1) natural threads such as and not limited to, cotton, wool, flax, kenaf, other bast fibers, silk or (2) ceramic threads such as and not limited to basalt fibers, glass fibers or (3) metallic threads such as and not limited to stainless steel fibers, copper fibers or (4) synthetic threads such as and not limited to polyamide, polyester, carbon, aramid, polyurethane, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride or various copolymers and blends from the foregoing. Polyester fibers, glass fibers and carbon fibers are preferably used.
    Each of the fabric layers (11, 12) may have an open space formed by holes in the woven structure. This can vary from 0% to 95%, preferably from 20% to 80%, depending on the technique used. The spacer fabric may contain holes in the woven structure of the fabric layers with a size in the range of 50 to 1500 μΜ, preferably from 300 to 1000 μΜ. The different fabric layers in this invention can have different gradations in open space.
    The spacer fabrics are characterized by various mechanical parameters, such as, for example, the tensile modulus, the strength, elongation at break, tear strength.
    Spacer fabrics preferentially according to this invention have a high strength, with which they also have great shaping and supporting properties. This strength is expressed as tensile strength of the fabric. According to this invention, it should preferably be at least 10 N / mm 2, measured in the weft or the warp direction of the fabric. The tensile strength is preferably at least 30 N / mm 2.
    In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the spacer fabrics are further processed in a product wherein the spacer fabrics provide a support or shaping function. This processing can be done, not limited to, heating the spacer fabric so that the connecting threads merge with weave and / or weft threads of the fabric layer, coating one or more fabric layers whereby a coating composition is applied on top of the fabric layer. Possible coatings are, for example, acrylic coatings, polyvinyl chloride coatings, polyurethane coatings, polyester coatings. Another way to process the spacer fabrics is to use them as a structure in composites, where a composite binder is used to impregnate the spacer fabrics.
    Specific examples of the spacer fabrics (1) suitable for use in accordance with the present invention are summarized in Table 1.
    Table 1: examples of spacer fabrics suitable for use according to the invention; • PET means a 100% mono or multifilament polyester thread • GL means a 100% multifilament glass thread • Carbon means a 100% multifilament carbon thread • Viscose means a 100% viscose yarn • Cotton means a 100% cotton yarn • Bico means a 100% bicomponent polyester fiber
    A further distinction in table 1 is made in the first column, in which the different types of spacer fabrics that can be used for greater form and support properties are discussed. Here the distinction is: DC, spacer fabrics with a constant thickness as defined above, DV, spacer fabrics with a variable thickness as defined above, DS, spacer fabrics with multiple connecting wires for higher stabilization, DM, spacer fabrics that are composed of several fabric layers, as above is defined and DL, spacer fabrics that have only a limited number of weft threads.
    The dtex and the specific material of each thread are listed in Table 1. EXAMPLES
    Specific examples of spacer fabrics according to the invention are shown in Table 1. Variable thickness
    The spacer fabric according to the invention DV0001 is a spacer fabric in which both the connecting, warp and weft threads consist of multifilament glass wire. The connecting threads used have a lower dtex than the warp and weft threads used. This is because the physical strength in the two-dimensional fabric surface must be higher than the strength in the dimension of the connecting wires. The specificity of this spacer fabric is that the thickness of the spacer fabric varies. Over a distance in the chain direction of 40 centimeters, the thickness of the spacer fabric gradually increases from 2 to 24 millimeters. It is important here that this thickness increase occurs gradually and not with shocks, so that no weak zones occur. The spacer fabric obtained according to this technique can be used as shaping material in specific applications where shapes with a varying thickness profile are required.
    More layers
    The spacer fabric according to the invention DM0001 is a spacer fabric in which both the connecting, warp and weft threads consist of multifilament glass wire. This for all three fabric layers. The connecting threads used have a lower dtex than the warp and weft threads used. This is because the physical strength in the two-dimensional fabric surface must be higher than the strength in the dimension of the connecting wires. The specificity of this spacer fabric is that three mutually spaced fabric layers are used. The total thickness of the spacer fabric is 18 mm. The distance between the different fabric layers is 6 mm in each case. In other possible embodiments, this distance in the warp direction is gradually changing. As a result, larger support options can be added to the end product locally. The spacer fabric obtained according to this technique can be used in various applications as a shaping material.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    C O N C L U S I E S
    Form or support material, characterized in that said form or support material is made from a spacer fabric comprising a first (11) and a second (12) fabric layer, wherein both layers are connected to each other by means of connecting wires (114) be connected.
    [2]
    Shaping or supporting material according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting threads (114) are filament yarns consisting of monofilaments, multi-filaments or a combination of both.
    [3]
    Shaping or supporting material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance between the first (11) and second (12) layer is adjustable according to the chain direction.
    [4]
    Forming or supporting material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between the first and second layer is variable between 0.2 and 1000 mm.
    [5]
    Forming or supporting material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more intermediate layers are provided between the first and second fabric layer.
    [6]
    Shaping or supporting material according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance between the intermediate layers and / or the distance between the first or second fabric layer and an intermediate layer is variable.
    [7]
    Forming or supporting material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first (11) and second (12) fabric layers are connected to each other by means of a first and second set of connecting wires.
    [8]
    Shaping or supporting material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight of the spacer fabric is between 50 and 4000 g / m2, preferably between 100 and 600 g / m2.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1022766A1|2016-08-31|
    BE1022766A9|2016-11-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE9206771U1|1992-05-19|1992-07-30|Girmes Gmbh, 4155 Grefrath, De|
    US20120227855A1|2009-12-04|2012-09-13|Taiwan Textile Research Institute|Weaving machines and three-dimensional woven fabrics|
    WO2012098130A1|2011-01-17|2012-07-26|Vds Weaving Nv|A tridimensional woven fabric, an integrated permeate channel membrane comprising said fabric and uses thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE20145068A|BE1022766A9|2014-11-18|2014-11-18|DISTANCE FABRICS|BE20145068A| BE1022766A9|2014-11-18|2014-11-18|DISTANCE FABRICS|
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